Tugas Inggris

NAMA: CINDY LASITA SYAHRAINI

NPM: 11211659

KELAS: 4EA25

LEARNING ENGLISH

            The first time I came to know the English language at the moment I entered KINDERGARTEN, after the first day it every day I trained at home by parents and teachers in at schools. Because every day is trained it makes me feel interested and wanted to speak fluently and also mastered English.

            I think, the grammar comprehension can be improved because of practicing grammar items, speaking skill, and pronunciation can be improved by practicing speaking in English, and then how listening skill can be improved? Same as the other English skills, listening skill can be improved naturally if we can be familiar with the English listening conversation. But, we have to remember, listening in English does not mean “listen” (mendengar), but it means “gather” (menyimak).

            In learning English listening, we must have much patience. Because making our ears familiar with the English listening is not an easy job. Adaption skill that people have is also different. People who have been familiar with English songs or English conversation will be easier to adapt with listening. Learning listening will also be easier for those who are in the English environment. Logically, we have to know the way of reading well before we can write well. As well as we have to learn English listening first, before at the end we can improve our speaking skill fluently.

            There are many ways that we can do in learning the language of England, from an exciting way to very dull. Below are some of the ways that I did while studying English:

1. Practicing by Listening English Radio

You have to find English radio station in the internet. You have to choose the station which you like. As often as you practice will be help you to be familiar with pronunciation, conversation, and terms in English.

2. Practicing by Watching English Movie Without Subtittle

This way is one of the interesting learning English. You can choose the movie that you really like. The concept of the movie has gesture and body language, and it will be easier to be learned.

3. Practicing by Listening English Songs

By doing this you can be familiar with English listening. Music is one of the interesting media which is easy to be remembered and learned.

The most frequent way I did was practicing by listening english radio, I think that way is faster because I was also very fond of music. Each song always tells a different situation that makes me curious to know the intent of the song. In a way that makes me able to listen and also pronounce words properly

Tulisan Inggris

NAMA: CINDY LASITA SYAHRAINI

NPM: 11211659

KELAS: 4EA25

STOP BULLYING !!!

            We  can reduce bullying. We can help children and teens who have been bullied. This website has ideas for schools, for parents, and for young people. For more detailed information and strategies, see my new book with Dr. Charisse Nixon, Youth Voice Project: Student Insights into Bullying and Peer Mistreatment.

            This 2013 book presents a wide range of research-based practical interventions for reducing bullying and reducing harm. You can find a brief summary of the research the book is based on here. Here are some early reviews of the Youth Voice Project findings and book:

            This book is the game-changer the field of bullying prevention has needed for some time. It debunks many cultural adult mindsets about bullying and clarifies what really works to provide safety and belonging to our marginalized students in school. The data present a treasure trove of fresh ideas, directly from students, on how adults and students can work together to build caring school communities.
~ Chuck Saufler, lead trainer for bullying education, Maine Law and Civics Education Program, University of Maine School of Law

            Not only did a growing understanding of the Youth Voice Project data help a school I was working with over the past year become a more positive environment for both students and staff, it also played a role in their movement from being designated Persistently Low Performing to being recognized as a Reward School. It clearly demonstrates how changes in our attitude and the way we engage students can make a BIG difference.
~ Dee Lindenberger, Co-Founder, Michigan Bully-Free Schools Program

            Stan Davis’s signature insightfulness into the unique perspectives of young people, combined with Charisse Nixon’s keen research skills and developmental expertise, has produced one of the most valuable research projects in this field in the last five years.
~ Elizabeth K. Englander, PhD, Director, Massachusetts Aggression Reduction Center, Bridgewater State University

            The Youth Voice Project findings have been an invaluable resource as we strive to debunk the societal myths and misperceptions surrounding bullying prevention and learn what truly helps kids develop prosocial relationships and resilience.
~ Denise Koebcke, Valparaiso, Indiana, community schools educator and school climate coordinator

            The interventions described on this website and in Stan Davis’s books and trainings are based on the work of many researchers in bullying prevention, including Norway’s Dan Olweus, England’s Smith and Sharp, the USA’s Dorothea Ross, Canada’s Wendy Craig and Debra Pepler, Australia’s Ken Rigby, and on Stan Davis’s forty-plus years of experience with children, families, and schools as a social worker and school counselor. In addition, these interventions are based on the input of more than 13,000 young people across the United States who participated in the Youth Voice Project survey conducted in 2009-2010 by Stan Davis and Dr. Charisse Nixon.

            Oppression or bully have often heard in our ears. Not only in Indonesia around the world were no such thing as repression. Perpetrators and victims are not only adults but of elementary school children. Often we hear it because of the association of oppression today are increasingly present.

            In the elementary school level often we hear of oppression. The first with mocking names of parents who think their names are very antiquity and eventually the name was so ridicule them. The second mock parents work.

            There are still cases of school violence makes us sad to hear it. His case may be trivial, like starting from taunted each other, perspective-view, to end up being bullying. What is meant by bullying is an action which affects the victims a sense intimidated, scared, and depressed because performed by actors use power repeatedly.

            Relation to bullying in schools, this can be done by individuals to individuals, groups of individuals or groups to all groups. Not infrequently occur from teacher to student. The goal was to demonstrate power to others. Many factors trigger on a person to commit acts of bullying.

            It could be due to internal factors the family, in this case is the relationship of parents at home who has a type like cursing, comparing or physical violence so that children often see and justify acts of violence to intimidate someone. Making those individual behaviors, low self-esteem or grumpy.These factors are often psychologically disturbed and the child will trigger to intimidate someone.

            In addition to the parents, friends can also be a trigger. So that was considered cool, kids chimed be doing violence. The child usually has the property of showing off, seeking attention for his actions that are considered to exist in the environment. The goal was all his or intended person must submit and succumb to her. There is a trigger factor that makes a child to become a party to bullying, one of the biggest triggers is often watch or show the spectacle of violence.

            To deal with children who are oppressed or victims of violence needs to be taken seriously. Wise approach from heart to heart and knowing as it should we as parents should behave towards our children. The bottom line is the psychological effect that continued as they grew up. Because the power of the mind that had haunted their behavior is very strong.

            They divert kesebuah positive activities such as spiritual activities, extracurricular is a smart solution. Where we as parents wisely can continuously monitor and assist in ritun time when they in golden growth period in order to grow flowers well, feel safe and comfortable in their education to pursue. The following cases which had horrendous bullying in the news and it is very sad for the victims of this bullying.

Education is a bridge connecting the future for the people of Indonesia. In an age of globalization, education has been easier to be widely disseminated. The world is no longer in the days where only the nobles who had the opportunity to get an education. Not familiar old or young, rich or poor, even someone with special needs, all have the right to get a decent education.

            Proper education, that's what people expect from a means of learning. Education provided equitably to all students regardless of background. In the explanation of the General Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2003 on the National Education System (Law No. 20/2003), states: "People need education in life. Education is a business so that people can develop his or her potential through a learning process and or other means known to and recognized by the community ".

Develop their potential through a learning process, students are required to explore the potential of a well that overflowed his talent as well. But what if there is a learning process amid internal and external constraints? when students are reluctant to show his skill because there is no support in itself? it is not impossible that the result obtained by factors such as; family, community, and school. A behavior that can destroy the spirit and motivation of students who are currently in the midst of the community warm Iyalah bullying.

Bullying is a problem that is worldwide, not only in Indonesia but also in developed countries like the United States and Japan. Acts of bullying in Indonesia likened to an iceberg phenomenon increasingly worrisome. Evidently, Indonesia ranks second largest in the world in the case of bullying. Figures are very amazing in this.

Bullying is a loan word from English (bully), which means bully or annoy persons (parties) are weak. Bullying is not only happening in educational institutions / schools, but also in the workplace, the community, and even communities. In this article, I will discuss about bullying at school.

According to Rigby (2005; in Anesty, 2009) formulates that bullying is a desire to hurt, which is shown in action, causing a person to suffer. So, according to Intan bullying is a form of violence against children (child abuse) conducted peer to someone (a child) who is 'low' or weaker to get a certain satisfaction that his own actions can not be justified. Usually, bullying happens repeatedly, there is even done systematically.

Bullying can happen anywhere, but often encountered in the school environment. Bullying occurs due to an imbalance of power between the perpetrator is more powerful and the target (victim) weaker. From the side of the offender, the tendency to do the bullying caused by environmental conditions that shape the personality of aggressive and less able to control emotions. The environment is meant, among others, upbringing in the family, the family's own conditions, social conditions surrounding environment and information media technology available today.

In general, boys use more physical bullying and child many women using relational bullying / emotional, but both use the same verbal bullying. This distinction, more to do with the patterns of socialization that occurs between boys and girls. In the opinion of the expert Barbara Coloroso (2006: 47-50) divides bullying into four types, as follows:

1.   Bullying verbally is one of the most easy to do, because it can be a first step towards the further violence. Verbal bullying is divided into three, namely:

a. Direct verbal contact as threatening, humiliating, degrading, disturbing, given name calling, sarcasm, condescending, mocking, mengintimidsi, and spreading gossip is not true that aim to marginalize others.

b.  Perlaku direct non-verbal like seeing the cynical, insulting, stuck out his tongue, showing facial expressions demeaning bullying usually accompanied by physical and or verbal.

c.    Indirect non-verbal behaviors such as through sms media, the internet and other social networks, to silence someone, manipulating friendships that become cracked, deliberately exclude or ignore, and sending anonymous letters.

2.   Bullying physically included this type is beating, slapping, choking, pushing, destroying the belongings of children who are oppressed, and other physical actions that are destructive. This kind of bullying is the most visible and easy to identify. Because evidence of bullying seen immediately.

3.   Bullying is a relational (waiver) was used to isolate or reject a friend or even to damage the friendly relations. Relational bullying is weakening the victim's self-esteem through neglect, exclusion, exclusion or avoidance. This is a time when teenagers try to find themselves and adjust to peers.

4.   Electronic Bullying is a form of bullying behavior that made the culprit through electronic means such as computers, mobile phones, internet, website, chat room, e-mail, SMS and so on.

Facts Bullying

Iqbal

The first fact: Iqbal child student who was sitting bench 4th grade elementary school in Bojong Menteng. Her mother was an employee of a private company was already working girl. Iqbal from small already twice alternately raised by his grandmother and aunt. At the age of 9 new Iqbal feel cared for by his mother, since the grandmother went to Padang.

On one day, Iqbal was about to go to school at a time when conditions were rainy, Iqbal eventually bring her umbrella from home on foot to go to school. Arriving at the school, Iqbal directly diledekin by his friends with a variety of talks. Until umbrella Iqbal dimainin until broken by his friends and his umbrella was not returned. Iqbal had tried to defend himself, in the end he was forced to return home with a feeling of sadness, and induced her upset.

The second fact: Reflecting on his own reflection that discusses kaka Amira has a new sister during which Amira 1 year old. What Amira experienced when her sister was born? attention to him slowly disappear. Amira lose all of it without understanding why it clearly and without any prior preparation. When at the age of three years already had two sisters. Like it or not forced to take the role as a sister, something quite frustrating.

There are some psychological reactions that occur by the first child, anxiety goodbye to his mother so that the presence of the sister makes her uncomfortable, and scary. Amira worried about losing his mother, the shape can be a strong possessiveness. Other forms of withdrawal, the child withdraws. Amira shows the attitude of moody, taciturn or maudlin with sebeb trivial reasons.

Amira was jealous of her sister, she saw her sister as the cause of the loss of parental attention and affection. Form of jealousy can be shown openly or not. Amira children first become easily provoked by trivial things, happens often in ledekin neighbors and peers. If it's a long cry cessation and kept asking to be picked up.

Finally, Amira and her brother often alternately taken care of by an elderly grandmother. Bullying behavior because of jealous sister continued until elementary school. Along with the development, growth and learning process Amira finally no longer a child is possessive and jealous. Instead now the results are so child introvet, indifferent, and tend not to care instead often make others jealous.

Amanda Todd Estella on Youtube Before Death

            Amanda Todd (15 years) is also the most distressing examples of teenagers who are victims of bullying at school. He is a high school student in grade 10 Port Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada. Over the years, Amanda bullied in his school friends, either directly or via the internet.Amanda even had to change schools to escape oppression, but they still insulted him in the internet media.

            Last year, Amanda vent about his ordeal with menggunggah video to youtube. He wrote word for word on a piece of paper so as to form a story. Shortly thereafter, he was determined to end his life on October 10, 2012. Since then, this video diunggahnya viral spread until the end of the year.

            Just as some states in the United States, the Government of Canada is also concerned about this case. Amanda's death was not in vain, because the Government of Canada then issued a law about cyber-bullying, so as not to appear again similar events. Perpetrators, including students, remain subject to severe criminal sanctions. Carol Todd, Amanda's mother, even making NGO named Amanda Todd Trust, which is ready to help the victims of bullying and actively engage in anti-bullying campaign

Carlos Vigil Post Mail Suicide On Twitter

            If you see the face of Carlos Vigil (17 years) in the photo above, certainly can feel how streaks of sadness imprinted. For three years, adolescents who live in Valencia County, New Mexico, United States, is mocked his friends just because of acne and wearing glasses. In fact, he is considered a gay.

            Virgil Ray, the father, was furious to hear his son treated like this, prompting local authorities to issue regulations on criminal sanctions against the perpetrators of bullying. On July 13, 2013, because it really can not stand being bullied constantly, Carlos wrote and posted a suicide note via Twitter account.

            As shown in the above text, Carlos actually apologized to his friends the years hurt him. "I was the one who got no injustice in this world, and it's time for me to leave this world," he wrote.Carlos also asked his friends not to cry over the decision. He even apologized for not being able to love someone, or make seseseorang love.

            "My friends at school really. I am a loser, strange, homo, and entirely unacceptable to others.I'm sorry for not being able to make someone proud. I'm free now. Xoxo, "said Carlos ended his letter.

When her post the article, Ray Vigil actually being in North Carolina and talk to the local parliament to discuss bill on anti-bullying. So read his posts, Ray went straight home. Unfortunately, he was too late. Once in the house, he saw his son

was dead.

Whitney Kropp dikerjain As Queen Party

This story may be trivial, but try you (especially girls) are at the Whitney Kropp. 16-year-old girl's school in the Ogemaw Heights High School, one of the high school is quite well known in the area of ​​West Branch, Michigan, United States.

Towards held a big party at his school, his friends notified Whitney crowned as queen of the party, was asked to dress up as pretty as possible so that when the party later. Who would not be proud to be chosen queen of the party? So, Whitney was dressed up. In fact, she bought a new dress and shoes, and went to an expensive salon, so its appearance looks beautiful like a royal princess.

When the party was held, Whitney who already dress up this pretty calmly walked to the middle of the field school. In that instant, came the laughter of ridicule from his friends. Ah, it turns out he was worked over his friends, especially from one of the gangs in schools have often bullying practices against Whitney. This case seems trivial then sticking in various media, especially online media, and invite sympathy from various circles. Practice repression rampant in schools these days is make all parties feel hot.

A lot of people are touched to see suffering Whitney. In fact, more than 1,000 people came to his house, only to give support to the Whitney. They then make Facebok page to support Whitney Kropp. In a short time, 44,000 people clicked Like on the Facebook page. Even local governments helped to provide support, including replacing the entire cost of purchasing the dress and shoes that have been issued Whitney, up to the cost of care salon and dinner when the party was held.

Sumber:

http://arrafahmarzuqoh.blogspot.com/2015/06/global-warming-stop-bullying-eat-junk_19.html

http://annisahaniutam.blogspot.com/2015/06/stop-bullying-tulisan-softkill-bahasa.html

http://rismar-intan.blogspot.com/2015/06/tulisan-ke-4-bahasa-inggris-bisnis.html

Resume Kuliah Umum

Nama: Cindy Lasita Syahraini

Npm: 11211659

Kelas: 4EA25

Being Global Leader in Islamic Finance

Resume kuliah umum Ekonomi Syariah pada hari Senin tanggal 4 Mei 2015 dengan pembicara Bapak Ronald Rulindo, Ph.D

Sejarah sistem perbankan syariah ini muncul karena dilandasi dengan kehadiran dua gerakan renaissance Islam modern. Tujuan utama dari pendirian lembaga keuangan berlandaskan etika ini adalah tiada lain sebagai upaya kaum muslimin untuk mendasari segenap aspek kehidupan ekonominya berlandaskan Al-Qur'an dan As-Sunnah. Upaya awal penerapan sistem profit and loss sharing tercatat di Pakistan dan Malaysia sekitar tahun 1940-an, yaitu adanya upaya mengelola dana jamaah haji secara nonkonvensional. Rintisan institusional lainnya adalah Islamic Rural Bank di desa Mit Ghamr pada tahun 1963 di Kairo, Mesir.

Setelah dua rintisan awal yang cukup sederhana itu, bank islam tumbuh dengan sangat pesat. Sesuai dengan analisa Prof. Khursid Ahmad dan laporan International Association of Islamic Bank, hingga akhir 1999 tercatat lebih dari dua ratus lembaga keuangan Islam yang beroperasi di seluruh dunia, baik di negara-negara berpenduduk muslim maupun di Eropa, Australia maupun Amerika.

Islamic Finance

Adalah suatu ilmu yang mempelajari ekonomi khususnya dibidang keuangan dan yang diatur berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip atau ajaran-ajaran agama islam. Tujuannya ialah agar kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh orang-orang yang ada di dunia tidak melanggar aturan-aturan agama.

Tujuan Ekonomi Syariah

Tujuan ekonomi syariah adalah mengentaskan kemiskinan dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Dengan ekonomi syariah akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi.

Fenomena Riba dalam Aktifitas Ekonomi Masyarakat

Ada beberapa alasan mengapa riba tidak diperbolehkan, yaitu sebagai berikut:

1.      Karena riba tidak adil

2.      Riba berdampak pada krisis ekonomi

3.      Menyebabkan kemalasan

Financial Inclusion dan Financial Exclusion

Financial inclusion adalah suatu cara untuk mendapatkan akses masuk ke lembaga keuangan formal. Sedangkan financial exclusion adalah cara yang tidak orang sukai untuk masuk ke lembaga keuangan formal, alasannya karena mereka tidak mau mendapatkan riba.

Boosting Economic Development

Ada beberapa cara untuk meningkatkan pembangunan ekonomi, sebagai berikut:

1.     Kemampuan teknikal

2.     Kemampuan manajerial

3.     Spiritual

Tugas Inggris Active and Passive Sentence

Nama : Cindy Lasita Syahraini

Npm : 11211659

Kelas : 4EA25

Pengertian Active And Passive Sentence

Kalimat Aktif atau yang biasa dikenal dengan Active Voice, kalimat ini bermakna suatu bentuk kata kerja transitif dimana subjek dari kalimat berpelaku sebagai ‘agen’, yaitu yang melakukan aksi dari sebuah pekerjaan.

Kalimat pasif atau yang biasa dikenal dengan Passive Voice atau Passive Sentence atau ada juga yang menyebutnya Passive Forms merupakan salah satu bentuk kalimat dalam Bahasa Inggris. Dalam definisi singkatnya Passive Voice berarti suatu bentuk kata kerja transitif dimana secara tata Bahasa Inggris subjek dari kalimat berpelaku sebagai ‘pasien’, yaitu yang menerima aksi dari sebuah pekerjaan.

Rumus Active And Passive Sentence

Active Voice	Passive Voice
S + verb-1 + direct object	S (direct object) + is/am/are + past participle +/- by … (agent)
S + modal + bare infinitive + direct object	S (direct object) + modal + be + past participle +/- by … (agent)

Contoh Kalimat Active And Passive Sentence

Active Voice	Passive Voice
1.      He helps me to wash car	I am helped by him to wash car
2.      The tordano destroy a great deal of property each year	A great deal pf property is destroyed by the tornado each year
3.      They understand the problems now	The problems are understood by them now
4.      We feed the dogs everyday	The dogs are feed by us everyday
5.      Irsyad is eating lunch now	Lunch is being ate by Irsyad now
6.      We are sitting at the chair now	The chair is being sat by us now
7.      They are helping me in the office	I am being helped by them in the office
8.      Anton is giving them some money	They are being given some money by Anton
9.      Ria has lived in the same house for ten years	The same house has been lived by Ria for ten years
10.  They have learned chemistry for two years	Chemistry has been learned by them for two years

Bahasa Inggris Bisnis

Nama : Cindy Lasita Syahraini
Npn : 11211659
Kelas : 4EA25

MY HOBBY

Hobby is a thing that if you do it you will feel excited and rilex. An activity where the time will be felt running quickly while you are doing that activity. Every person must be have diffrent hobby. But it would be nice if it was hoby positiv value for themselves and also others. many a positiv Hobby for yourself, but not necessarily be positiv to the environment.

My name is Cindy Lasita Syahraini, i am 21 years old. My first hobby is listening music and singing. I think that music can express feelings and ourselves and in music there are no restrictions. Music can represent our feelings as sad or happy. Of the many musical styles that exist i love pop, country, jazz and EDM  but for now EDM and country that are very i liked. First I like to listen to music because as age 5 years my dad play a song kenny G. When I hear the sound of the song saxophone kenny G, I feel very warm and comfortable. In addition to love listening to the song I also like singing. I usually sing while on the toilet or is karaoke with friends. While singing the song I'd rather slowly because it was able to express my feeling at that time.

My second hobby is reading. I love reading novel so much, because by reading the novel i can figure out the other parts of country or continent. In my opinion in the novels have always had different places or situations and that's what makes me curious. I usually read the Western novel because the plot is more complicated but the moment at the end of the story often unpredictable. Of the few novels I've read, I liked the novel by Sandra Brown, Sidney Sheldon and Agatha Christie but the most I like is sandra brown. I've loved reading since childhood, because my parents already introduce book from my 4 year old. I think it is true that since small children should get used to reading a book because it can create a good mindset and also has a very broad insights.

My third hobby is swimming. Actually I really don't like sports at all but an exception for swimming the only sports that I like and I can speak it only swim. 

TUGAS ETIKA BISNIS 4

Nama : Cindy Lasita Syahraini
Npm  : 11211659
Kelas  : 4EA25

Kasus yang sedang in dalam masalah merger

PEMECAHAN STUDI KASUS MERGER PADA PT BANK BUANA DENGAN PT BANK ANGKASA DALAM MANAJEMEN PT RASYID LAMPULO

Identifikasi Masalah :

1.      Alasan merger

1. PT bank Buana mengalami penurunan kinerja dan bermasalah dalam pengelolaan keuangan yang disebabkan oleh kesalahan dari direktur utama dan manajer keuangan yang memiliki hubungan dan motif pribadI.
2. Cara satu-satunya bagi manajemen PT Rasyid Lampulo untuk menyelamatkan asset perusahaan PT Bank Buana.

2.      Dampak dari merger

• Terjadi konflik antar manajer di dua perusahaan tersebut tentang kedudukan atau posisi jabatan yang terlihat dari penilaian kualifikasi atas diri mereka masing-masing

Pemecahan Masalah :

Perusahaan/manajemen fokus perhatian kepada masalah keuangan dan strategis selama merger, tetapi isu-isu sumber daya manusia mereka sering mengabaikan. Peran orang dan budaya organisasi sering ditempatkan dalam posisi marjinal , dan sebagian besar energi diinvestasikan dalam perencanaan strategis dan keuangan . Ini akan dikatakan bahwa masalah sumber daya manusia dan budaya organisasi bagaimanapun , harus diberi prioritas tinggi , bersama dengan isu-isu strategis , untuk meningkatkan kemungkinan kesuksesan. Pada kasus ini terbukti dengan alasan kuat manajemen untuk menyelamatkan asset yang lebih mengarah kepada hal yang finansial. Pihak manajemen dalam hal ini tidak terlalu memperdulikan dua orang penyebab masalah tersebut tetapi fokus bagaimana cara menyelamatkan PT Bank Buana dengan cara melakukan Merger.

Pada kasusnya merger melibatkan tiga pihak yaitu Pihak Manajemen yang didalamnya termasuk Stakeholders, Perusahaan, dan Karyawan. Ketiga hal tersebut tidak dapat dipisahkan. Namun tetap kunci semuanya terletak pada karyawan, karena dampak merger akan sangat terasa pada karyawan. Merger dapat mengancam bagi karyawan dan menghasilkan kecemasan dan stres . Hunsaker dan Coombs (1988 , 58 ) menemukan pola yang dapat diidentifikasi dari reaksi emosional yang dialami oleh karyawan selama merger atau akuisisi ; mereka telah diberi label fenomena ini ' sindrom merger – emosi yaitu :

• Denial

Pada karyawan pertama bereaksi terhadap pengumuman merger dengan penolakan . Mereka mengatakan itu harus ' hanya rumor.

• Fear

Ketika merger menjadi kenyataan , karyawan menjadi takut yang tidak diketahui . Misalnya, pekerja menjadi sibuk dengan kehilangan pekerjaan .

• Anger

Setelah karyawan merasa bahwa mereka tidak dapat mencegah merger atau akuisisi dari mengambil tempat , mereka mulai untuk mengekspresikan kemarahan terhadap mereka yang bertanggung jawab . Dalam banyak kasus , karyawan merasa seperti mereka telah ' dijual ' setelah menyediakan perusahaan dengan layanan yang setia .

• Sadness 

Karyawan mulai berduka hilangnya identitas perusahaan dan mengenang hari-hari tua yang baik sebelum merger .

• Acceptance

Setelah masa berkabung yang cukup telah berlalu , karyawan mulai rec - ognize bahwa untuk melawan situasi akan sia-sia , dan mereka mulai menjadi harapan tentang situasi baru mereka.

 .• Relief

 Karyawan mulai menyadari bahwa situasi ini tidak menguntungkan karena mereka telah melakukan berbagai persiapan dan bahwa karyawan baru mereka berinteraksi dengan tidak seburuk yang mereka telah diprediksi.

• Interest

Setelah orang menjadi aman dengan posisi baru mereka atau dengan organisasi, mereka mulai mencari faktor-faktor positif dan manfaat yang mereka dapat dicapai melalui entitas baru . Mereka mulai merasakan situasi baru sebagai tantangan di mana mereka dapat membuktikan kemampuan organisasi mereka dan nilai mereka .

• Liking

Karyawan menemukan peluang baru yang mereka tidak membayangkan sebelumnya dan mulai menyukai situasi baru mereka .

  

• Enjoyment

Karyawan menemukan bahwa situasi baru bekerja dengan baik dan merasa lebih aman dan nyaman .

Pada konflik tersebut, setelah merger tersebut telah secara resmi diumumkan , karyawan dari kedua organisasi cenderung mengadopsi ' mereka dan kita ' sikap , khususnya dalam organisasi diperoleh , jika karyawan telah dirasakan merger sebagai kerugian . merger dapat menekankan atau bahkan membesar-besarkan perbedaan-perbedaan status antara karyawan; struktur yang dihasilkan sering merupakan pengingat tentang siapa yang ` pemenang " dan siapa ` yang pecundang" ' ( Hunsaker dan Coombs 1988, 57 ) .

Perbedaan budaya organisasi termasuk gaya manajemen dapat menyebabkan persaingan antara kelompok karyawan . Persepsi menyimpang dan perasaan memusuhi kelompok lain menjadi umum dan tanggung jawab untuk ' mengapa hal itu tidak akan serta sebagaimana mestinya , mengapa komunikasi yang begitu miskin , atau mengapa ` I " atau bos saya tidak cukup diobati [ adalah ] secara rutin dikaitkan dengan lain [ sisi ] . . . ' ( Buono , Bowditch , dan Lewis 1985, 492 ) .

Tahapan yang harus dilakukan Pihak Manajemen PT Rasyid Lampulo          :

1.       Lakukan perundingan antara pihak manajemen dan perusahaan serta para manajer tentang keputusan merger dan kelanjutan hubungan kerja mereka serta posisi mereka kelak di perusahaan atau di PT Bank Angkasa. Berikan mereka pandangan-pandangan yang akan membuat mereka memikirkan bukan lagi pada hal pribadi tapi lebih ke arah perkembangan perusahaan.

2.  Untuk menghindari rumor yang tidak akurat, yang sangat merugikan moral organisasi, karyawan harus diberitahu sesegera mungkin tentang apa yang diharapkan setelah merger terjadi. Manajemen harus terus mendengarkan dan mengkomunikasikan dengan karyawan dan menyampaikan informasi yang akurat dan komprehensif seluruh proses.

3.  Sebuah preview merger realistis menggambarkan harapan pekerjaan untuk masa depan akan memungkinkan karyawan untuk mengatasi lebih realistis dengan tuntutan pekerjaan baru atau diubah. Setiap PHK atau perampingan harus dilakukan sesegera mungkin untuk mengurangi kecemasan, mengurangi rumor, dan memungkinkan karyawan untuk kembali ke bisnis seperti biasa. Semakin lama takut diketahui berlangsung, semakin banyak kerusakan yang akan dilakukan.

4. Untuk mengurangi stres, manajemen dapat melakukan audit stres merger untuk mengidentifikasi masalah kolektif. Hal ini kemudian dapat menerapkan program-program, seperti konseling individu pada peluang karir baru, untuk meringankan mereka. Pelatihan manajemen stres Sukarela dapat diberikan secara kelompok untuk memungkinkan karyawan untuk berbagi keprihatinan mereka. 
Karena tingkat turnover dari manajer puncak adalah luar biasa tinggi setelah merger, penting untuk melakukan audit talent sebelum perubahan terjadi untuk memastikan bakat managerial diperlukan untuk kesuksesan masa depan. Langkah kemudian dapat diambil untuk memastikan bahwa bakat organisasi akan berlimpah setelah merger.

5.   Berikan mereka pemahaman untuk mencoba menghindari ' kita / mereka ' sikap dengan hati-hati dan strategis pencampuran karyawan sebanyak mungkin di semua tingkatan organisasi . Perhatian harus dilakukan ketika menggabungkan departemen sehingga rekan-rekan fungsional tidak ditempatkan dalam posisi hubungan bawahan dan pengawasan. Dalam kasus, manajemen harus dapat menentukan siapa yang menduduki dan posisi apa. Jika memang permasalahan terletak pada kata ‘kita/mereka’ maka pihak manajemen dapat mengambil keputusan untuk memberikan kompensasi yang sama dan setara serta diberikan reward tambahan untuk memotivasi para manajer PT Bank Buana agar mereka tidak merasa berada dibawah para manajer PT bank Angkasa.

6.  Schweiger dan Ivancevich (1985) menyarankan mengembangkan dan mengelola survei sikap kepada seluruh karyawan untuk menilai persepsi karyawan merger dan mengidentifikasi karyawan yang mengalami kesulitan menyesuaikan. Audit harus mencakup bidang-bidang seperti kompensasi, penghargaan, tugas pekerjaan, keamanan kerja, dan rekan kerja. Data dikumpulkan dari survei ini harus memungkinkan manajemen untuk merencanakan program atau mengembangkan alat untuk meminimalkan stres dan karyawan bantuan dalam membuat transisi ke budaya baru. Selain itu, akan memungkinkan manajemen untuk menentukan departemen yang mengalami kesulitan tertentu.

7.    Organisasi harus mencoba untuk membasmi arogansi pada bagian dari mereka per-personil untuk memastikan bahwa karyawan yang diperoleh tidak merasa rendah diri dan 'ditaklukkan'. Suasana pasca-akuisisi mendorong saling menghormati antara kelompok manajemen akan memfasilitasi pemahaman yang lebih baik dari yang lain ' perspektif dan membuat transisi yang mulus (Datta 1991).

8.   Komunikasi adalah sangat penting dalam setiap tahap merger atau akuisisi. Manajemen harus berbagi informasi sebanyak itu bisa dengan karyawan sebelum, selama, dan setelah akuisisi. Ini akan membantu mengurangi atau menghilangkan desas-desus tak berdasar yang menyebabkan emosi negatif dan perilaku yang tidak produktif. Tindakan hanya berkomunikasi dan mendengarkan akan diinterpretasikan oleh karyawan sebagai suatu bentuk penghormatan, yang 'saja dapat menyebabkan pergeseran ke arah sikap yang lebih positif' (Hunsaker dan Coombs 1988, 62).

9.  Manajer harus mengakui bahwa 'peran masyarakat dalam menentukan pertimbangan merger adalah hasil pada kenyataannya tidak mudah tapi masalah sulit. Tanpa komitmen dari mereka yang memproduksi barang dan jasa, membuat keputusan dan con-ceive strategi, merger akan gagal untuk mencapai potensi mereka mensinergikan sebagai kekayaan-menciptakan strategi '(Cartwright dan Cooper 1992, 142).

Sumber: 

http://keyartikel.blogspot.com/2014/05/kasus-merger-pada-perusahaan.html